15. ADJUNCTION
[NOTES TOWARD A PROBLEM TO INTRODUCE ADJUNCTION]

ASSUMING students have discovered or been shown that

	NP  ->  { (DP) (AP)* N (PP)* (CP) }
		{	     pn		  }
		{	    Name	  }

	VP  ->  V (NP) (AP) (PP) (CP)

1.  [NP Ellipsis]

Consider

(1)  You ride my horse, and I'll ride Harvey's.
(2)  You adopt my favorite theory, and I'll adopt Harvey's.
(3)  You adopt my theory about There Insertion, and I'll adopt Harvey's.
(4)  You adopt my favorite theory about There Insertion, and I'll adopt Harvey's.
(5)  My irrational fear of cats is worse than Harvey's.

Note what is deleted in (1-5).  Does the current grammar say that those things are constituents?
If not, what needs to be done to the grammar to make the deleted parts a constituent?

THIS SHOULD LEAD TO

	NP  ->  (DP) N'		[I actually used NP' == "little NP"]

	N'  ->  (AP)* N (PP)* (CP)

[YOU CAN CONFIRM THIS WITH COORDIONATION]

2.  One Anaphora

(6)  You pick up that furry little kitten, and I'll pick up this one.

['one' appears to substitute for N'!]

(7)  ... I'll pick up this hairless one.

(8)  My stupid theory about There Insertion should be replaced by your brilliant one.

(9)  ... the cute little kitten with pointed ears, the one with rounded ears [?]

THIS should lead to N' -> 'one' AND

	N'  ->  AP  N'

	N'  ->  N'  PP

	N'  ->  N (PP) (CP)	[ OR  N'  ->  { PP | CP }

Here is a good place to recall that heads subcategorize for their sisters:

	fear/*cat of snakes
	contribution/*cat to the campaign

	belief/claim/assertion (*cat) that the earth is flat

And introduce the terms COMPLEMENT and ADJUNCT ( == modifier)

WE NOW PREDICT:		* the one that the earth is flat
			* the one of dogs

AND THAT COMPLEMENTS WILL BE CLOSER TO THE HEAD THAN MODIFIERS.

3.  VPE

(10)  Can you break that lock with a banana?

      No, but Harvey can.  No, I can't.

      But I can with a rock or a crowbar.

      I can dent it or damage it with a rock.

THIS should lead to

	VP  ->  VP PP

Predicting stacked PPs:  I broke that rock with a hammer on the weekend.

			 She rides a horse in the park without a saddle on Sundays.

	VP  ->  V (NP) (AP) (PP) (CP)

SUBCATEGORIZATION:  Heads select their complements.