Assignment 12: Dative Phrases

	(1) I sold a goat to the farmer.
	(2) I sold the farmer a goat.
	(3) We baked a cake for Sue's mother.
	(4) We baked Sue's mother a cake.

Make up a lot more pairs like these.  Notice that the sentences in each pair
are synonymous.

1.  Which of these sentences are generated by our grammar?

2.  Draw the tree structures that you think these sentences have.

3.  Propose a revision to our Phrase Structure rules that will allow the grammar
to generate all the sentences.  Discuss this amendment and illustrate with a few
examples, drawing trees.

4.  Discuss in detail, giving appropriate examples, what lexical restrictions
will be needed in connection with this new phrase structure.  In particular,
what verb subcategorizations will it be necessary to state?

5.  Work out the details of an alternative analysis in which (2) and (4) are not
formed directly by PS rules, but derived from (1) and (3) respectively by a
Transformation.  Note that under this analysis the PS rules will be exactly
as they were before this assignment.

6.  Now discuss in detail the lexical restrictions that will have to be stated
in this version of the grammar.  What are the differences between the
restrictions needed now and the ones you found necessary in Part 4?

7.  State clearly and briefly one argument in favor of one of these two
hypotheses as opposed to the other.

8.  Within the hypothesis you have selected as the preferable one,
what will you have to say about sentence pairs like the following?

	(5)  I walked my mother to the store.
	(6) *I walked the store my mother.
	(7)  I rolled the ball to the edge of the field.
	(8) *I rolled the edge of the field the ball.

9.  What will you have to say about sentence pairs like the following?

	(9)   We baked it for Sally.
	(10) *We baked Sally it.
	(11)  I sold it to the farmer.
	(12) *I sold the farmer it.

10. Can you say anything intelligent about (15)?

	(15)  I cooked my monkey up some mush.