Syntax B	Winter 2022
Problem 2	WH Questions
Due Tuesday	January 18

A.  Recall our analysis of Yes/No Questions:

(1)   Has the monkey washed his feet?
(2)   Will she open the door?
(3)   Could I talk to Owen?

(4)   I wonder if the monkey has washed his feet.
(5)   We don't know whether she will open the door.
(6)   I asked them if I could talk to Owen.

(7)  *I think if the monkey has washed his feet.
(8)  *We don't believe whether she will open the door.
(9)  *I warned them if I could talk to Owen.

And in some non-standard dialects of English:

(10)  I wonder has the monkey washed his feet.
(11)  We don't know will she open the door.
(12)  I asked them could I talk to Owen.

Review briefly what that analysis was, and what accounts for
the badness of (7)-(9).

B.  Now consider WH Questions

In the same non-standard dialects:

(13)  I wonder which class will she visit.
(14)  They asked me who should they appoint.
(15)  Tell me who have you spoken about this with.
(16)  We want to know when can we see the monkey.

(17) *I claimed which class will she visit.
(18) *They maintained how big were those pumpkins.
(19) *When can we see the monkey depresses Harvey.
(20) *Fred thinks what problem had he solved.
(21) *They think would I solve the problem.
(22) *Hilary claimed had I cheated on my taxes.
(23) *Frank denied had he taken a flight to Dallas.

And in standard English:

(24)  I wonder which class she will visit.
(25)  They asked me who they should appoint.
(26)  Tell me who you have spoken about this with.
(27)  We want to know when we can see the monkey.

(28) *I claimed which class she will visit.
(29) *They maintained how big those pumpkins were.
(30) *When we can see the monkey depresses Harvey.
(31) *Fred thinks what problem he had solved.
(32) *Hilary denies who she met in Boston.
(33) *Max claims how smart he is.

Based on what we have concluded before, where is the WH-phrase sitting
in these examples?  What accounts for the badness of (17)-(23) and (28)-(33)?

Now, considering the examples below as well as the ones above
(and others that you construct yourself), develop an analysis
of WH Questions in both varieties of English.  Make sure the
analysis answers (at least) the following questions:

	What moves?
	Where to?
	Where from?
	Why?  (i.e., if the movement is obligatory, what is there
	      in the analysis or the theory that forces it?)

(34)  I wonder who they will want to hire.
(35)  I wonder which problem Hilary will decide to try to solve.
(36)  There is no telling how big those tomatoes will become.
(37)  They asked me what kind of car I wanted to buy.
(38)  They asked me how smart I thought I was.
(39)  Sue didn't know how many cookies she ought to give to Owen.

(40)  Who do you think they will want to hire?
(41)  How many of the problems can you imagine Harvey solving without help?
(42)  How many days ago were the pictures of the monkeys made public?
(43)  Whose monkey was it that ruined Harvey's picture?
(44)  Who do you think Sam said saw Sue?

NOTE:  I have not given all of the necessary ungrammatical examples.

C.  Does your analysis account for the following facts?

(45) *I wonder they will hire who.
(46) *Can you imagine Harvey solving how many of the problems without help?

If not, fix it so that it does.

Now does it account for the following facts?

(47) *Don't ask me (whether) Sally thought who saw who.
(48)  Don't ask me whether Sally knew who saw who.
(49)  Don't ask me who Sally thought saw who.
(50) *Don't ask me who Sally thought who saw.
(51)  Don't ask me who Sally thought knew who saw who.
(52) *Don't ask me who Sally thought who knew saw who.
(53)  Who did Sally say saw who?
(54) *Who did Sally say who saw?

If not, fix it so that it does.  Discuss everything carefully.

D.  Do you have any explanation for the following facts?

(55)  I wonder who saw who.
(56) *Who do you wonder who saw?
(57)  Sally knows who is going to get how rich.
(58) *How rich do you think Sally knows who is going to get?
(59)  I wonder how many books Sally gave to who.
(60) *Who do you wonder how many books Sally gave to?
(61) *How many books do you wonder who Sally gave to?

If not, try to think of one.


E.  Here are some WH Questions in Turkish:

(62)  kIz maymuna muzu verdi	'The girl gave the banana to the monkey.'
(63)  maymuna muzu kim verdi?	'Who gave the banana to the monkey?'
(64)  kIz muzu kime verdi?	'Who did the girl give the banana to?'
(65)  kIz maymuna neyi verdi?	'What did the girl give to the monkey?'

(66)  Hasan kIzIn maymuna muzu verdiGini sOylUyor
	'Harvey says the girl gave the banana to the monkey.'

(67)  kIzIn maymuna muzu verdiGini kim sOylUyor?
	'Who says the girl gave the banana to the monkey?'

(68)  Hasan maymuna muzu kimin verdiGini sOylUyor?
	'Who does Harvey say gave the banana to the monkey?'

(69)  Hasan kIzIn muzu kime verdiGini sOylUyor?
	'Who does Harvey say the girl gave the banana to?'

(70)  Hasan kIzIn maymuna neyi verdiGini sOylUyor?
	'What does Harvey say the girl gave to the monkey?'

In WH Questions, what moves where in Turkish?  And how, then,
is Turkish different from English?